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LadiesandGentlemen,
IamverypleasedtoattendAPECCEOSummittodayinBangkok,knownas“theCityofAngels”。Pleaseallowmetotakethisopportunitytoconveymycordialgreetingstoyou,myfriendsandsharemyobservationsonChineseeconomyandtheeconomicdevelopmentintheAsia-Pacificregion.
Inthepastyear,wehavewitnessedsomehearteningsignsinglobaleconomiclandscape.Accordingtostatisticsbytheworld''''smajoreconomicorganizations,worldeconomyin2002increasedbyaround3%,betterthanits2001performance.Thisyear,accordingtosomeforecasts,itwillbeslightlyhigherthanlastyear,showingagrowingmomentumofrecovery.This,ofcourse,isupbeatnews.Butwemustalsoseethatglobaleconomicrecoveryisstillinthestageofreadjustmentandtheusingisanythingbutrobust.Therearestillmanyuncertaintiesbeforeasteadyworldeconomicgrowthcantakehold.Giventhisbackground,governmentandbusinessleadersofallcountriesmusttakeitastheircriticaltasktoimprovetheenvironmentforeconomicgrowthandpromoteasustainedeconomicgrowththrougheffectivepoliciesandmeasures.
IknowyouareallinterestedinChina''''scurrenteconomicsituationandfuturetrendsofdevelopment.Now,letmemakeashortbriefingforyou.From1978to2002,ChinaregisteredanaverageannualGDPgrowthrateof9.4%.in2002,whenworldeconomyexperiencedagrowthslowdown,Chineseeconomygrewby8%.Inthefirsthalfofthisyear,China''''sGDPwentupby8.2%despitetheinterruptionbySARS.Atpresent,china''''seconomyremainsingoodshapewithastrongmomentumforexpansion.The7%increasetargetsetforthisyeariswellwithinreach.
Torespondtothechangingdomesticandinternationaleconomicenvironment,wehaveadoptedaseriesofpoliciesandmeasuresinrecentyearstoenhanceoureconomicvitalityandrealizeasustainedsocialandeconomicdevelopment.First,wepressedaheadwiththemarket-orientedreformundersocialismandgavefullerplaytothebasicroleofthemarketintheallocationofresources.Weadheredtoandimprovedourbasiceconomicsysteminwhichthepublicsectorplaysthedominantrolealongwithmultiplenon-publicsectorsdevelopingtogether,promotedeconomicrestructuring,politicalrestructuring,culturalrestructuringandthevariousreformsinsocialfieldandmadethemcoordinatewithoneanothertoprovideapowerfuldrivingforceforthecountry''''seconomicandsocialdevelopment.Second,wefirmlyfollowedtheguidelineofexpandeddomesticdemandandpursuedaproactivefiscalpolicyandaprudentmonetarypolicy.Wetookenergeticstepstoexpandboththeinvestmentdemandandtheconsumptiondemand,wherebytogreatlyboostoureconomicandsocialprogress.Third,wevigorouslycarriedoutthestrategyofrevitalizingChinathroughscienceandeducation,thatofsustainabledevelopmentandthatofdevelpingtheWesternregion.Recently,wesetforththestrategyofrevitalizingNortheastChinaandotheroldindustrialbases,bringingaboutoptimizationandupgradingoftheindustrialstructure,facilitatingcoordinateddevelopmentamongregions,fosteringnewgrowthpointsandimprovingthequalityandefficiencyofeconomicdevelopment.Fourth,weintensifiedourdffortsingpublichealth,educationandculture,strengthenedthesocialsecuritysystemandenvironmentalprotection,promotedsocialjusticeandprogressandstrivetobringaboutcoordinatedandsustainabledevelopmentoftheeconomyandsociety.Fifth,weincreasedourall-directionalopennesstotheoutsideworldandtookpartextensivelyinglobalandregionaleconomicintegration.Wefacilitateddomesticeconomicrestructuringthroughopenness,encouragedChineseenterprisestolearnadvancedforeignmanagerialexpertiseandgetfamiliarwitheconomicrulesandpracticesintheworld,thusenhancingtheircapacityforeconomicandtechnicalcooperationandinternationalcompetition.
Wehaveidentifiedourgoalforthefirsttwodecadesofthiscentury.Thatistobuildawell-offsocietyofahigherstandardinChinaforthebenefitofwelloveronebillionpeople.Bythetimethisgoalisreached,Chinawillhavecompleteditsindustrializationbyandlargeandputintoplaceawell-developedsocialistmarketeconomicsystem.ItsGDPwillhavequadrupledthatof2000,toppingUS$4trillioncalculatedatthecurrentexchangeratewithapercapitaGDPexceedingUS$3000.wearefullyawarethatChinaistheworld''''slargestdevelopingcountrywithapopulationofnearly1.3billion.Withunderdevelopedeconomyandeducation,Chinais,andwilllongremainintheprimarystageofsocialism,anditwilltakeusdecadesofstrenuouseffortstoturnthecountryintoamodernsociety.Atpresent,therearesomeoutstandingproblemsinoureconomythatneedtobetackledwithoutdelay,suchasinadequateeconomicstructureandindustrialstructure,mountingpressureonemploymentandsocialsecurityandweaknessintheprotectionofeco-system.Wearetakingsomestepstoaddresstheseproblems.Recently,wehaveputforthanoverallprogramonimprovingsocialistmarketeconomicsystemandestablishingamoredynamicandmoreopeneconomicsystem.Ifirmlybelievethatsolongaswefollowarightdevelopmentstrategy,coordinatethedevelopmentbetweentheurbanandruralareas,betweendifferentregions,betweentheeconomyandsociety,betweenmanandnatureandbetweendevelopmentathomeandopeningup,wewillgraduallytranslatethegoalsforChina''''smodernizationintorealityandmakegreatercontributiontoregionalandglobaleconomicdevelopment.
Recently,theexchangerateofRMBhasarrestedmuchattentionintheinternationalcommunity.Here,Iwouldliketosharewithyoumyviews.Chinafollowsamarket-based,singleandmanagedfloatingexchangeratesystem,whichisconsistentwiththecurrentstateofChina''''seconomy,itsleveloffinancialregulationandthesustainabilityofitsenterprises.Onthebasisofthissystem,keepingtheexchangerateofRMBstableservesChina''''seconomicperformanceandconformstotherequirementsoftheeconomicdevelopmentintheAsia-pacificregionandthewholeworld.Asyoumightrecall,whentheAsianfinancialcrisisstruckin1997,itisChinathatinsistedonnotdepreciatingitscurrencyandresponsiblymaintaineditsexchangeratestabilitywhenmanyofitsneighborssubstantiallydevaluedtheircurrencies.ChinamadeitscontributiontofinancialandeconomicstabilityinAsiaandtheworldatlarge.WewillfollowthesameapproachofresponsibilitytotheRMBexchangerateissuethistime.WewillmaintainthebasicstabilityoftheRMBexchangerateatareasonableandbalancedlevel,whilefurtherimprovingtherate-formingmechanismamiddeeperfinancialreform.
Toachieveeconomicgrowthandbetterlivingstandardsisagoalsharedbypeopleofalllands.Givencurrenteconomicslowdownintheworld,weshouldgiveafullscopetoAPEC''''sroleinencouragingallitsmemberstobringaboutsustainedeconomicdevelopment.
ThoughAPECmembersdifferfromoneanotherineconomiccircumstances,theyareallfacedwithacommontaskofeconomicrestructuring.Theprevailingeconomicsituationintheregionandtheworldatlargemakesthejobparticularlyurgentandcrucial.Inrecentyears,someAPECmembers,Chinaincluded,havereadjustedtheireconomicstructuresandachievednotableresultsinexpandingthehomemarket,reformingthefinancialsystemandimprovingthecorporategovernanceoftheirenterprises.Thesemeasureshaveenhancedthemembers''''abilitytogrowtheeconomyattheirowninitiativeandconsolidatedthefoundationforeconomicrecoveryintheregion.APECmembersshoulddostillabetterjobinexchangesandcommunicationamongthemselvesforthepurposeofdrawingonthecollectiveadvantagesineconomicdevelopment.
Greatereconomicdevelopmentinallmembersrequiresthattheycontinuetopromotetradeandinvestmentliberalization,removetradebarriersofonekindoranotherandcreateafairandequitableenvironmentofcompetition.Iwouldliketoemphasizeherethatanopen,rule-basedmultilateraltradingsystemservesthecommoninterestsofallAPECmembers.ThoughtheDoharoundofWTOtalkssufferedsomesetbacks,solongasallpartiespersistinconsultationonanequalfootinginthespiritofseekingcommongroundwhileshelvingdifferences,itwillbesuccessfulintheend.APECcanplayanactiveroletothisendbykeepingupitseffortstowardstheBogorGoals.Inmakingbilateralorintra-regionalfreetradearrangements,effortsshouldbemadetoensuretheirconsistencywiththeWTOrulesandAPECprinciples,sothattheycancontributetogreatertradeandinvestmentintheregion,fastereconomicdevelopmentandstrongercapacityofmemberstoresisteconomicrisks.
GiventhevastdifferenceinAPECmember''''slevelofdevelopment,promotingthedevelopmentofitsdevelopingmembersshouldbeanimportantmissionoftheorganization.WeshouldvigorouslystrengthenAPECeconomicandtechnicalcooperation,foritcontributestofastereconomicgrowthofthedevelopingmembers,allowingthemtoturntheirpotentialmarketintoarealone.Italsobenefitsthedevelopedmembersbysecuringthemgreatermarketaccess,leadingintheendtotheachievementofcommondevelopmentandcommonprosperityofallmembers.
Realizingsustainedeconomicgrowthisacomplicatedprojectofsystemengineering.Itrequiresnotonlyoureffortsatformulatingandimplementingpoliciesandmeasuresforeconomicdevelopmentbutalsoourendeavorstoeffectsocialprogress.Weshouldrenewourcommitmenttodevelopingscience,technology,education,culture,publichealth,strengtheningecologicalprotectionandenvironmentmanagement,rationallyexploitingnaturalresourcesandbringingaboutcoordinatedeconomicdevelopmentandharmoniouscoexistencebetweenmanandnature.
Ladiesandgentlemen,
Realizingsustainedeconomicgrowthalsorequiresvision,courageandskillsofbusinessleaders.WeshouldmakefulluseofthisAPECmechanism,getalongwiththetrendofeconomicglobalizationandregionaleconomicintegrationandredoubleoureffortstowardscommondevelopmentandcommonprosperityintheAsia-Pacificregionbyenhancingmutualtrust,steppingupcooperationandexploringforanetworkofpartnershipsofall-roundcooperation.
Thankyou.
今天,有机会来到被称为“天使之城”的曼谷,参加亚太经合组织工商领导人峰会,我感到十分高兴。我愿借此机会,向各位朋友表示诚挚的问候,并谈谈对中国经济和亚太地区经济发展的看法。
过去的一年,全球经济走势出现了一些可喜迹象。根据世界主要经济组织的统计,2002年全球经济增长3%左右,好于2001年。据预测,今年全球经济增长会比去年略有提高,显示出复苏的态势。这虽令人欣慰,但也必须看到,全球经济仍然处于调整阶段,回升态势缓慢,要实现稳步发展还面临许多不确定因素。在这一背景下,如何采取有效的政策措施,改善经济发展环境,推动经济持续增长,是摆在各国政府和工商界领导人面前的一个重要课题。
大家都关心中国经济的发展情况和未来趋势。这里,我愿意向各位作一个扼要的介绍。从1978年到2002年,中国国内生产总值年均增长9.4%。2002年,在世界经济增长缓慢的情况下,中国国内生产总值增长8%。今年上半年,尽管受到非典疫情的不利影响,中国国内生产总值仍增长8.2%。目前,中国经济运行良好,发展势头强劲,预计可以实现全年增长的预期目标。
近年来,为应对国内外经济环境的新变化,我们采取了一系列政策措施,增强经济活力,推动经济社会持续发展。一是坚定不移地推进市场取向的改革,进一步使市场在资源配置中起基础性作用,坚持和完善公有制为主体、多种所有制经济共同发展的基本经济制度,推动经济体制改革、政治体制改革、文化体制改革和社会领域改革相互配合,不断为经济社会发展提供强大动力。二是坚持扩大内需的方针,实施积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策,既积极扩大投资需求,又积极扩大消费需求,拉动经济社会发展。三是大力实施科教兴国战略、可持续发展战略和西部大开发战略,最近又提出实施东北地区等老工业基地振兴战略,引导产业结构优化升级,推动区域协调发展,培育新的经济增长点,努力提高经济增长的质量和效益。四是加强公共卫生、教育和文化建设,加强社会保障体系建设,加强生态建设和环境保护,促进社会公平和进步,努力实现经济社会协调和可持续发展。五是全方位扩大对外开放,全面参与经济全球化进程和区域经济一体化进程,促进国内经济结构调整,促进中国企业学习国外先进管理经验、熟悉国际经济规则和惯例,提高参与国际经济技术合作和竞争的能力。
我们已经确定了本世纪头20年的奋斗目标,这就是集中力量建设一个惠及十几亿人口的更高水平的小康社会。实现了这个目标,中国将基本实现工业化,建立完善的社会主义市场经济体制,国内生产总值将比2000年翻两番,按现行汇率折算,将达到4万多亿美元,人均国内生产总值将超过3000美元。我们清醒地认识到,中国是世界上最大的发展中国家,有近13亿人口,经济文化还不发达,将长期处在社会主义初级阶段,要实现现代化,需要进行长期的艰苦努力。当前,中国经济也存在一些亟待解决的突出问题,如经济体制和产业结构还不完善,就业和社会保障压力加大,生态环境保护需要进一步加强,等等。对这些问题,我们正采取一系列措施加以解决。最近,我们就完善社会主义市场经济体制和建立更具活力、更加开放的经济体系提出了总体方案。我相信,只要坚持正确的发展战略,统筹城乡发展、统筹区域发展、统筹经济社会发展、统筹人与自然和谐发展、统筹国内发展和对外开放,我们就一定能逐步实现中国现代化建设的各项目标,为地区和全球经济发展作出更大的贡献。近来,国际社会关注人民币汇率问题。这里,我想谈谈我的观点。中国实行以市场供求为基础的、单一的、有管理的浮动汇率制度,这是同当前中国的经济发展阶段、金融监管水平和企业承受能力相适应的。在这一制度基础上,保持人民币汇率基本稳定,有利于中国经济的正常运行,也符合亚太地区和全球经济的发展要求。1997年亚洲金融危机爆发时,在周边许多国家货币大幅贬值的情况下,中国本着负责任的态度,坚持人民币不贬值,保持汇率稳定,为维护亚洲乃至全球金融和经济稳定作出了贡献。我们将继续本着这种负责任的态度来处理人民币汇率问题。我们将保持人民币汇率在合理、均衡水平上的基本稳定,同时在深化金融改革中进一步探索和完善人民币汇率形成机制。
实现经济发展,提高生活水平,是各国人民共同追求的目标。在当前全球经济增长缓慢的情况下,我们应充分发挥亚太经合组织的作用,促进各成员实现经济持续发展。尽管亚太经合组织各成员经济发展面临的情况不同,但进行经济结构调整是我们面临的共同任务。在当前地区和全球经济形势下,这项任务显得尤为迫切和重要。这些年来,包括中国在内的一些成员积极调整经济结构,开发自身市场,改革金融体制,改善企业经营和管理体制,取得了显著成效。这些措施,增强了有关成员经济增长的自主性,巩固了地区经济复苏的基础。亚太经合组织各成员应加强这方面的交流和沟通,以达到取长补短的目的。为了促进各成员的经济发展,亚太各国、各地区要继续推进贸易和投资自由化,消除各种贸易壁垒,创造公平合理的竞争环境。我要特别强调的是,建设开放的以规则为基础的多边贸易体制,符合各成员的共同利益。尽管目前多哈回合谈判遇到一些挫折,但只要有关各方平等协商、求同存异,谈判就能取得成功。亚太经合组织应为此发挥积极作用,继续实现茂物目标,在进行双边和区域自由贸易安排时,应同世贸组织规则和亚太经合组织原则协调一致,积极促进本地区的贸易和投资,加快本地区经济发展,增强共同抵御经济风险的能力。
亚太经合组织各成员发展水平差别很大,促进发展中成员的发展应成为亚太经合组织的一项重要任务。我们要大力加强成员间的经济技术合作,加快发展中成员的经济发展,帮助他们把潜在市场转化为现实市场,这也有利于发达成员寻找到更广阔的市场空间,最终实现各成员的共同发展繁荣。
实现经济持续增长是一项系统工程,不仅需要我们制定和实施促进经济发展的政策措施,而且需要我们相应地推进社会全面发展。我们应大力发展科技教育文化卫生等事业,大力加强生态保护和环境建设,合理开发利用资源,努力实现经济社会协调发展和人与自然和谐发展。女士们、先生们!
实现经济持续增长,需要工商界领导人的胆识和远见。我们应充分运用亚太经合组织这一机制,顺应经济全球化和区域经济一体化的发展,增加互信,密切合作,努力建立全方位的合作关系,为实现亚太地区的共同发展繁荣而不懈努力。
谢谢各位。