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Honorable teachers, principles, dear parents and students:
Good morning to you all. On this sunny and unforgettable day, we gladly welcome you to our grade 12’s graduation ceremony.
Two years ago, when we first came to this program and began our three years of high school education. It was your enthusiasm that influenced us, giving us the heart to keep moving forward; it was your encouragement that motivated us, encouraging us to persevere. It was your high spirits that encouraged us, and pointed us in the right way. It was your harmony that united us, urging us to stand our ground and charge fearlessly forward.
Three years, 36 months(thirty-six), 1095 days(one thousand and ninety-five), 26280 hours(twenty-six thousand two hundred and eighty), 1576800 minutes(1 million five hundred and seventy-six thousand eight hundred), 94608000 seconds(ninety-four million six hundred and eight thousand). Your confidence, patience and determination have grown. Under the guidance of Mrs. Lv, you have achieved success which we celebrate today.
We look up to you as role models and you are our heroes. We built a relationship not unlike that of a great, big, family. Working together has made us familiar to each other and know each other from the bottom of our hearts. Seeing you mature every day from morning to night, motivating us, makes us more mature.
Yesterday, you were proud of this program, today, this program is proud because of you. With 51 university acceptance letters coming from all directions, people were impressed by your accomplishments. We, the Grade 11’s will shortly turn into grade 12’s already feel the pressure that is soon to be placed upon us, and we thank you for your example, which will give us the perseverance to succeed. In the up-coming year, we will follow your footsteps, and will never give up creating what will be our very own miracle. At the same time, we would like to inform our dear future successors, we hope that you will not be afraid of the future hardships; we also hope that you put your best efforts into your work; to become the pride and future of Sino – Canadian Program here in Jilin City No.1 High School and ChangchunExperimental High School.
Today, you will turn over a new chapter of your lives, although there will be numerous obstacles blocking your paths, your determined hearts will be forever strong. You will walk towards the light of the glory of tomorrow, with our best wishes from the bottom of our hearts! Go for it!
毕业典礼致辞的英文版【2】
i am honored to be with you today at your commencement from one of the finest universities in the world. i never graduated from college. truth be told, this is the closest i've ever gotten to a college graduation.
today i want to tell you three stories from my life. that's it. no big deal. just three stories.
the first story is about connecting the dots.
i dropped out of reed college after the first 6 months, but then stayed around as a drop-in for another 18 months or so before i really quit. so why did i drop out?
it started before i was born. my biological mother was a young, unwed college graduate student, and she decided to put me up for adoption. she felt very strongly that i should be adopted college graduates, so everything was all set for me to be adopted at birth by a lawyer and his wife. except that when i popped out they decided at the last minute that they really wanted a girl. so my parents, who were on a waiting list, got a call in the middle of the night asking: "we have an unexpected baby boy; do you want him?" they said: "of course." my biological mother later found out that my mother had never graduated from college and that my father had never graduated from high school. she refused to sign the final adoption papers. she only relented a few months later when my parents promised that i would someday go to college.
and 17 years later i did go to college. but i naively chose a college that was almost as expensive as stanford, and all of my working-class parents' savings were being spent on my college tuition. after six months, i couldn't see the value in it. i had no idea what i wanted to do with my life and no idea how college was going to help me figure it out. and here i was spending all of the money my parents had saved their entire life. so i decided to drop out and trust that it would all work out ok. it was pretty scary at the time, but looking back it was one of the best decisions i ever made. the minute i dropped out i could stop taking the required classes that didn't interest me, and begin dropping in on the ones that looked interesting.
it wasn't all romantic. i didn't have a dorm room, so i slept on the floor in friends' rooms, i returned coke bottles for the 5 deposits to buy food with, and i would walk the 7 miles across town every sunday night to get one good meal a week at the hare krishna temple. i loved it. and much of what i stumbled into by following my curiosity and intuition turned out to be priceless later on. let me give you one example: reed college at that time offered perhaps the best calligraphy instruction in the country. throughout the campus every poster, every label on every drawer, was beautifully hand calligraphed. because i had dropped out and didn't have to take the normal classes, i decided to take a calligraphy class to learn how to do this. i learned about serif and san serif typefaces, about varying the amount of space between different letter combinations, about what makes great typography great. it was beautiful, historical, artistically subtle in a way that science can't capture, and i found it fascinating.
none of this had even a hope of any practical application in my life. but ten years later, when we were designing the first macintosh computer, it all came back to me. and we designed it all into the mac. it was the first computer with beautiful typography. if i had never dropped in on that single course in college, the mac would have never had multiple typefaces or proportionally spaced fonts. and since windows just copied the mac, its likely that no personal computer would have them. if i had never dropped out, i would have never dropped in on this calligraphy class, and personal computers might not have the wonderful typography that they do. of course it was impossible to connect the dots looking forward when i was in college. but it was very, very clear looking backwards ten years later.
again, you can't connect the dots looking forward; you can only connect them looking backwards. so you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future. you have to trust in something - your gut, destiny, life, karma, whatever. this approach has never let me down, and it has made all the difference in my life.
my second story is about love and loss.
i was lucky – i found what i loved to do early in life. woz and i started apple in my parents garage when i was 20. we worked hard, and in 10 years apple had grown from just the two of us in a garage into a $2 billion company with over 4000 employees. we had just released our finest creation - the macintosh - a year earlier, and i had just turned 30. and then i got fired. how can you get fired from a company you started?
well, as apple grew we hired someone who i thought was very talented to run the company with me, and for the first year or so things went well. but then our visions of the future began to diverge and eventually we had a falling out. when we did, our board of directors sided with him. so at 30 i was out. and very publicly out. what had been the focus of my entire adult life was gone, and it was devastating.
i really didn't know what to do for a few months. i felt that i had let the previous generation of entrepreneurs down - that i had dropped the baton as it was being passed to me. i met with david packard and bob noyce and tried to apologize for screwing up so badly. i was a very public failure, and i even thought about running away from the valley. but something slowly began to dawn on me – i still loved what i did. the turn of events at apple had not changed that one bit. i had been rejected, but i was still in love. and so i decided to start over.
i didn't see it then, but it turned out that getting fired from apple was the best thing that could have ever happened to me. the heaviness of being successful was replaced by the lightness of being a beginner again, less sure about everything. it freed me to enter one of the most creative periods of my life.
during the next five years, i started a company named next, another company named pixar, and fell in love with an amazing woman who would become my wife.
pixar went on to create the worlds first computer animated feature film, toy story, and is now the most successful animation studio in the world. in a remarkable turn of events, apple bought next, i retuned to apple, and the technology we developed at next is at the heart of apple's current renaissance. and laurene and i have a wonderful family together.
大家下午好,
The national student sports program, waged by the Ministry of Education and aimed at improving students health, was held from 10:00a.m.~11:00a.m.on April 29,2007 in many primary and middle schools all over China. Almost 11 million students in Jiangsu province participated in this program.
全国学生体育项目,进行了由教育部,旨在提高学生的健康,从上午10点举行。~ 11:通行292007四月在中国各地的许多小学和中学。江苏省近11000000名学生参加了这一计划。
The Ministry of Education advocates that we do exercises for one hour a day and can work healthily for 50 years. Our whole life will be very enjoyable.
教育部提倡我们每天做一个小时的运动,能够健康地活50年。我们的整个生活会很愉快的。
In my opinion, we senior high school students should do exercises for one hour a day even though our spare time is limited. Health is a basic condition for our study. If we did not do exercises, we wouldn’t be able to get good study records. So every one of you, join the program now!
在我看来,我们的高中学生应该每天即使我们的业余时间是有限的一小时做练习。健康是我们研究的一个基本条件。如果我们不进行运动,我们不能够得到很好的研究记录。所以你们每一个人,加入该计划现在!
论文摘要:近年来,随着交际教学法在我国的引入,交际能力的培养成为英语教学的主要目标,语法的作用被淡化。怎样正确认识语法在英语教学中的位置?怎样教好语法?应遵循什么原则、采取什么方法和手段?这些问题一直困扰着广大高职英语教师。
一、灵活使用教材,适时调整教学方法
鉴于教材中有些语法项目的编排不利于学生系统地掌握语法知识,有些语法项目所涉及的用法不能满足日常使用的需求,根据教学语法的系统性原则和循序渐进、阶段循环原则,作者认为应从如下两个方面灵活使用教材。
(一)对教材中分散的语法现象作适当的集中和归纳
教材中语法教学材料具有螺旋式编排特点,但其缺乏系统性,学生学的可能是些零散的语言知识,接触的只是部分语法规律,很难系统掌握。所以在学生大量语言实践的基础上,教师应对教材中出现的同类内容适时地进行归纳与小结,按照实践一认识一再实践一再认识的思想,不断拓宽和加深学生对同一语法项目的认识,提高其运用能力。
(二)对部分语法内容做适当的调整、取舍和补充
教师要善于结合教学实际的需要,灵活地和有创造性地使用教材,对教材的内容、编排顺序和教学方法等方面进行适当的取舍或调整。如,情态动词的用法分单元介绍,但只涉及了must,should,ought to may/might,can/could等,而且所介绍的也只是最基本的语法要点,对其表猜测的用法只是一带而过。作者认为在介绍这些情态动词的用法的时候,应进行适当的拓展。如情态动词还应包括shall,will,dare,need等;must,may/might,can/could表猜测时,除了课本上所提到的对现在的事实进行猜测,还可对己经发生的事情进行猜测,如:it must have rained last night,for the ground is wet。同时还应提醒学生不同情况下表猜测的反意疑问句形式。
二、优化课堂语法教学,发展学生语法能力
鉴于目前语法教学课堂上主要是教师讲解为主,学生参与极少,且训练方式单一,致使课堂教学枯燥,学生兴趣不足,语法知识薄弱这种现状,作者认为应该从以下三个方面优化课堂语法教学,提高教学效率,发展学生语法能力。
1.利用认知原则,让学生在理解语言知识的基础上操练外语。乔姆斯基的生成语法认为,各种语言的语法具有一定的普遍性和共同性。因此,在外语语法教学中,教师应充分利用母语与外语的交叉对比分析进行教学,加强正迁移,减少负迁移,帮助学生提高学习效率,在分析和疏导错误的过程中,一定要注意充分肯定学生的进步和优点。
2.课堂教学为以教师为主导、学生为主体的“参与型”课堂教学。在外语教学中,学习者的内在学习因素起着决定性的作用。因此,课堂上教师要调动学生的学习积极性和主动性,课堂教学应以学生为中心,以学生的实际操练为主。就教师而言,教师不应是单纯的语言知识的讲授者,而是学生学习语言交际活动的设计者、组织者、引导者,并且也参与到交际活动中来,在活动中扮演不同角色;就学生而言,学生不再是消极的听众,而是语言学习活动的主体,每个人都直接参与到活动中来,在活动中掌握英语。教师在教学中主要考虑的不是自己如何讲,而应该是学生如何学。形成以教师为主导,以学生为主体“参与型”的课堂教学,把教学建立在学习语言的实践过程中。
3.利用交际原则,开展丰富的、有实际意义的情景交际教学。教师应该在课堂教学中通过多种手段创设各种语言情景,如对话、短剧、讨论等,既有真实情景,也有模拟情景,使学生在具有交际目的的语言情景中学习英语。进而发展成语言交际能力。
具体从以下几个方面来操作:
1.利用对比分析,促进学生认知能力的发展
学生在学习英语的过程中,经常受到母语的干扰,即“负迁移”效应,使学生在学习英语时常用汉语结构来表达英语,但这并不能否认母语的积极影响,母语毕竟是我们最熟悉的语言,在英语学习的初级甚至中级阶段,我们还是用汉语去感知、理解英语,尤其在语法方面,因为英汉两种语言的语法结构,很多是一样的,比如句子成份、句子类型、多种词性的用法等。因此,在英语语法教学中,教师有必要对英汉两种语言结构和表达方式进行适度的对比,以便发现其中的异同及其规律,起到既能充分地利用母语,又能排除母语的干扰。比如词形的变化、冠词、语序等汉语中没有的,要作为重点,引导学生发现其规律,掌握其用法。
2.加强语法教学的趣味性,培养学生积极的学习情感
心理学原理告诉我们:积极情绪,通常会伴随一种愉快的主观体验,并能提高人的积极性和活动能力。我们在语法任务的呈现上务必要具有吸引力,把学生的注意力集中起来。
(1)充分发挥现代媒体在教学中应有的作用。多媒体在语法教学中的应用可为学生提供更好的语言学习环境。计算机集声像文字为一身,它的多维信息传递,可以吸引学生的注意力,丰富学生的感性认识,提高学生对学习内容的理解与感受。多媒体的应用不但可以增强课堂的教学信息容量,使学生的自主学习在课堂上得以实现,进而使教师的注意力能始终集中在每一个教学环节上。
(2)利用图表、实物、图片、简笔画等辅助教学。讲解各种时态时,利用坐标轴,就能让学生比较清楚明白地了解一般现在时、一般过去时、将来时、现在完成时、过去完成时表示的含义及时间概念。在讲现在进行时的时候,可给出一幅一家人在自家院子里活动的图片,让学生描述图片中人们正在做的事情。
(3)将游戏、字谜、智力测验等用于语法教学。在学习定语从句时,教师可组织学生猜谜语。课前教师先准备好卡片上面写有一些人名或事物的名称,要求同学们按照老师的范例来描述并猜词。
【参考文献】
俗话说:“文学作品既是语言运用的经典,也是一种文化现象的体现。”英美文学可以说体现了英美文化中的世界观和价值观,它与中国文化有着本质的区别。英美文学作品不像我们的诗歌、小说、散文等,但是在刻画人物方面也入木三分,通过人物的感情世界、内心活动来吸引读者,用生动形象的语言给予读者深刻的印象。作为高职院校的学生在学习英语的过程中,需要了解和研究英美文学,在文学作品中受到美的熏陶。下面是我在教学工作中的几点做法,仅供大家参考:
一、提高教师分析英美文学作品的能力
高职院校的教师在改革的新形势下必须更新自己的教学观念,使自己传统的教育教学理念彻底改变,这样才能使自己的课堂变为自主学习的新模式,在教学过程中进一步激发学生的学习兴趣,调动学生的主动性和积极性,使自己变为激励、指导、参与、监督于一体的角色,要想做到这些,就应该对自己提出更高的要求。
1.利用网络资源提高自身素质
高职院校的教师必须适应教学形式的改革,在平时的工作中,网络资源丰富多彩,所需知识可以说应有尽有,因此我经常利用现代技术充实自己的知识,从而提高学生分析问题与理解问题的能力。
2.虚心向有经验的教师请教
常言道:“学无止境”,“给学生一杯水,教师需要有一桶水”。作为教师,学习是永远没有止境的,在平时的工作中,我利用一切能够利用的机会向有经验的教师求教,以便于提高自己的业务能力和实践教学能力。
二、提高学生对英美文学作品的兴趣
英美文学作品兼顾本文由收集整理生活的各个方面,对文化、历史、哲学、自然科学等方面也有所涉及,作为一名高职院校的英语教师,如何指导学生研究英美方向的小说作品,提高学生学习的积极性,使学生能够进行创造性的活动,是自己的责任与使命。
1.运用现代化的教学手段
在课堂教学中通过创设情景来激发学生的学习积极性,使其能够主动地思考是我们教师追求的目标,可是有些作品由于距离我们的年代久远,受时空的限制,在欣赏文学作品时,很难把握作品的意境,这时我就运用多媒体教学手段,使当时的情景声情并茂地展现在学生的面前,这样学生的想象能力能够得以激发,他们的学习兴趣就会进一步提高。
2.运用启发式的教学方式
在多种多样的教学方法中,“启发式”教学是一种具有创造性的教学方法,它能够使学生积极思考问题,解决在学习过程中难以表达的矛盾。在教学过程中,我经常采用这种方法,使学生学会阅读、能够阅读、乐于阅读,通过查找资料,了解文学作品的思想意境,
3.改变传统的考试形式
在考试的时候,我一改单一的考试方式,采用平时成绩和笔试成绩相结合的方法,通过考查学生的读书笔记、作业成绩等方面,使他们养成主动学习的好习惯。在考试时不出难题偏题,引导他们进行研究学习。久而久之,学生就会注重平时的表现及学习的过程。
三、指导学生自主学习英美文学作品的意识
高职院校的学生学习依赖性较强,作为一名教师,就应针对其特点,使其学会自主学习,只有这样他们才能有目的地安排自己的学习计划,并将学习活动坚持不懈地进行下去,在学习的过程中主动参与课堂教学,积极参加课外活动,进一步激发学生的潜力。
1.改变单二的教学方式
高职院校的大学生,应该把自己学到的英语知识运用到实际工作中去,例如:能够用英语进行日常的话题交流,用英语填写一定形式的通知、信函、表格等等。因此,在教学过程中,我改变了单一的教学方式,通过多种途径使高职院校的学生获得知识、提高能力。例如:运用院校的实验室、校园网等等培养学生的动手操作能力;提供学生参加社会实践的机会,使他们加强与社会的联系,清楚自己的学习与职业的关系;组织学生根据自己的需要,选听讲座报告等等。高职院校学生的学习过程是一种探索性的活动,对书本上的东西要善于质疑、触类旁通、举一反三,这样
转贴于
才能在学习上加以创新。
2.充分提供自主学习的空间
如果让学生能够自主学习,教师就应给学生充分的学习空间。作为一名高职院校的教师,不能只让学生只是坐在教室里听自己讲解,更不应占用学生的太多时间,应该给学生预留出自主学习的时间,让他们以主人翁本文由收集整理的姿态投入学习中。
3.给学生提供自主学习的教学设备
[关键词] 隐性广告;植(置)入式广告;影视作品
现代社会,广告无所不在,就像影子一样“伴随”在人们的左右。据统计,一个人每天要接触到大约3 000条的广告信息。当海量广告疯狂涌现时,人们也日渐抵触,广告效果衰退。美国著名商人约翰?华纳梅克曾经说,在我所投入的广告费中,至少有一半是浪费了。因此一种新的广告运作模式——隐性广告诞生了。
隐性广告又称植(置)入式广告(Product Placement),即将商品或其代表性的视觉符号、品牌工具或服务商标甚至服务内容有策略性地融入至媒体内容当中,成为内容的一部分,让观众留下对商品的品牌印象,进而在播出媒体外的市场中达到行销商品的目的。营销学中称植入式营销(Product PlacementMarketing)。简单地讲,它是以一种非广告形式将产品信息不知不觉地传递给观众,以达到“随风潜入夜,润物细无声”的传播境界。
一、影视剧中隐性广告的发展概述
电影、电视是20世纪最具影响力的一种大众文化,它们以丰富多彩的形式反映着人类社会生活和内心世界,以最形象、最生动的方式切入到寻常百姓家,成为产品最有效的广告宣传。世界上最早的电影置入式广告出现在1951年《非洲皇后号》(The African Queen)中,男女主角有畅饮戈登杜松子酒的镜头及其商标。而1982年《外星人》是电影隐性广告发展的里程碑,主人公用一种叫“里斯”的巧克力豆吸引外星人。此后影视作品中的隐性广告越来越受到世人关注。
我国的电影隐性广告起步较晚,1990年前后《编辑部的故事》首次采用类似植入广告的表现形式。随着中国影视的发展,隐性广告得到了长足的发展。《没完没了》首开电影隐性广告的先河。之后,《少林足球》中有三菱车的出现;《无间道》中有VISA、东芝电视、摩托罗拉、凌志等品牌现身。2004年贺岁片《手机》刮起我国电影隐性广告的狂潮,片中摩托罗拉手机的铃声响遍大街小巷。《天下无贼》更是把电影隐性广告发挥到极致,嵌入的隐性广告品牌达到14个。中央电视台的春节联欢晚会也大量植入商业广告。总之,影视剧中的“隐性广告正以‘不可挡之势’和‘日渐其新其貌’冲着业界”。
二、隐性广告的法律缺陷
植入广告在影视作品中的普遍,这是时代和社会进步的体现。但我国在这个领域的管理是一个空白,现行法律也存在着规范漏洞和盲点。
(一)影视剧中隐性广告的“隐蔽性”与法律规定中广告的“可识别性”产生冲突
《广告法》第2条规定:“本法所称广告,是指商品经营者或者服务提供者承担费用,通过一定媒介和形式直接或间接地介绍自己所推销的商品或者所提供的服务的商业广告。《广告法》第13条规定:广告应当具有可识别性,能够使消费者辨明其为广告。大众传播媒介不得以新闻报道形式广告。通过大众传播媒介的广告应当有广告标记,与其他非广告信息相区别,不得使消费者产生误解。《广告法》明确规定广告应当具备可识别性,所谓“可识别性”,指的是广告应当与非广告信息相区别。
作为新兴的广告方式,植入式广告与以往的广告最大的区别在于——从显形转变为隐性。不再通过传统的直白诉求模式唤起受众,而是通过精心策划将产品或者品牌安排到电影的某个情节当中,使它们成为电影故事情节的重要组成部分,以更加隐蔽、积极、动人的形式潜入观众视野,轻而易举地突破受众的心理防线。比如在影片《手机》中,角色所使用摩托罗拉手机,和男主角到哪里都开着的宝马汽车,无所不在的它们是广告?是陪衬的道具、背景?还是故事情节?观众显然无法明显区分。
严格地讲,影视剧中的隐形广告并不具备我国广告法所规定的“可识别性”,因而这种广告形式目前在国内是没有合法地位的。现行广告法对影视隐性广告不具有法律的约束效力,同样也缺少了相应的法律支持。无论是植入广告还是软广告,这些说法在我国广告法中都没有严格界定。影视剧中给某商品或商标一个镜头,只是我们主观判断它是广告,广告法只对商业广告起作用,没有法律依据来判断。完全可以推诿说是出于艺术创作需要,因为并没有介绍产品信息,原因倒也冠冕堂皇。如果出现产品推介广告语,可视为广告法之广告。但只要不恶性贬低其他同类商品,也没有违法之嫌。就算有违法行为,由于我国广告法没有相关的操作细则,对很多违法行为没有现实的处罚方式;而且往往是不告不管。如果不进行完善,将有越来越多的法律球。
(二)影视剧中隐性广告的不可选择性与民法的公平自愿原则的冲突
公平自愿是民法领域的基本原则,是民法的精髓。在法治社会里,我们要求所有的市场经济活动都要遵循这一基本原则。这一原则体现在广告投放领域,就是广告主有依法广告的权利和自由,而广大受众也有选择看或不看权利。在传统的广告是在影视剧的间隙插播广告,如果人们没有兴趣可以选择换台,丝毫不影响欣赏剧情。
而隐形广告则不然,因为跟剧情浑然一体、不可拆分,人们就没得选择,看电视电影就必须接受广告的轰炸。比如2010年的春节联欢晚会中,小品《五十块钱》里,那卖包子的两口子戴着“鲁花”花生油的围裙;刘谦变扑克魔术时,刘大魔术师还喝了一口“汇源”果汁并特地把‘汇源’两字说出来。春节联欢晚会如今是中国人过年年俗中不可或缺的一部分,全中国绝大多数的老百姓到年三十必看春晚,那也就意味着老百姓看广告没商量。在爱情大片《非诚勿扰》中,秦奋喝酒结账时,特写镜头聚焦“招商银行”,我们在欣赏剧情的同时,也被迫接受了广告。
(三)影视剧中的隐形广告有可能与法律公序良俗规定存在冲突
民法领域有着一个基本原则,就是“不违背社会公共道德及善良风俗”,简称公序良俗。我们中华民族的优秀道德和善良风俗有很多,比如勤俭节约,不奢侈腐化,遵纪守法、尊重逝者敬畏死亡等。
优秀的影视剧作品,应该弘扬社会主义精神文明,有着向上意义及进取精神,这是我们对于艺术性的要求。广告究竟能不能脱离商业的外壳,以一种艺术的形式和影视剧融为一体?北师大艺术系教授周星表示:单从艺术上讲,电影欣赏是观众对审美的追求,是人们超越了物质层面的情感升华,片中的广告依然是一种物质上的宣传。这种倒错的审美关系,必定会影响电影本身的艺术性。甚至有编剧抱怨说“如今的编剧不是考虑人物性格塑造,而是考虑怎么在电影中塞进更多的广告。”
比如《天下无贼》火车站一场,盗窃团手上举着印有“淘宝网”字样的小旗,这可能给淘宝网带来不良影响。《大腕》葬礼一场中,死人的眼睛也要放入镜片。在中国文化视死亡为庄肃的背景下,这种安排会被认为是很不道德的。在灾难片《唐山大地震》有一段是徐帆和孩子吃火锅的情节,但是镜头却特别关注喝的“剑南春”酒,极大地削弱了影片的悲伤氛围。此外,李晨外出闯荡回唐山后,穿Kappa羽绒服开是宝马车,也似乎有骄奢之嫌。2010年电影《杜拉拉升职记》中,植入广告包括Gucci古奇、Dior迪奥、Chloe科洛伊、Chanel夏奈尔、OZZO欧尼迩、COGI高姿、Rado雷达等等让普通老百姓望尘莫及的奢华品牌,再度将植入性广告推上了风口浪尖。
三、影视剧中隐性广告的立法及监管法律建议
影视剧中的隐形广告作为一种大众化的广告传播方式,具有广阔的发展空间,是广告发展的重要组成部分。我们应当了解、关注它,并在法律上给予合理引导和规范。笔者认为,影视剧隐性广告应当纳入广告法监管范畴,但要考虑到影视媒介与隐性广告的特性,因地制宜,量体裁衣,进行不断探索和创新。为此,笔者提出以下几点建议:
1.修订原有的广告立法,新增隐性广告的针对性条款。我国现行的《广告法》是1995年实施的,现在已经过去了16年,社会经济都已经发生了巨大的变化,这部法律的某些条文明显滞后于社会经济的发展。当前应当尽快修订完善《广告法》,出台隐性广告的实施细则,将隐性广告纳入法律规制范畴。要提高法律的科学性、前瞻性和可操作性,对隐性广告特别是影视剧作品中的隐性广告的界定、审查、、责任等方面都作出明确而具体的规定,建立隐性广告市场准入制度。这样才能进一步规范目前中国电影隐性广告的运作,为中国电影隐性广告的战略发展提供一个优质平台。
2.建立并完善隐性广告审查制度。明确广告主、广告经营者与影视制作公司、导演的在广告过程中法律责任,在影视剧隐性广告领域增加承担连带责任的人员范围。对于参演的主要演员,还可以明确他们承担广告代言人的法律责任。
3.加强培训和交流,提高工商队伍对于隐性广告的监管能力。要强化对执法干部的广告知识、执法能力方面的业务培训,经常开展执法经验交流活动。同时还要引进一批精通影视技术的人才,建立专门的影视隐性广告审查监管部门。
4.加强部门之间的联动,多方配合,齐抓共管。影视剧隐性广告的一个特点是隐蔽性和灵活性,而且广告数量繁多。工商部门可以和广电总局及各级地方影视监管部门合作,共同完成对影视剧作品的隐性广告的监管。
5.加强影视行业的自律,对影视创作者给予必要的法律培训。影协要强化行业自律,引导行业健康有序发展。影协可以组织剧本的创作者与影片的拍摄者学习相关的法律知识,比如广告法律知识,了解可能承担的法律责任,以增强他们在影片创作过程中的甄别能力。
6.推动专业电影隐性广告公司的出现。在美国就已经出现了这类公司,他们和电影制作方合作,对电影隐性广告进行策划与创意指导,让电影隐性广告制作的专业化、标准化成为可能,这也可供我们借鉴。
四、结 语
影视作品中的隐性广告是一种新兴广告模式。它用一种新颖的手法将电影和广告合理而又有效的联系起来。植入式广告今后有着广阔的发展空间。我们也要针对新的事物制定新的法律,以适应新的发展。
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