主谓一致
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主谓一致范文第1篇
一、概念解读
He is going abroad.
They are playing football.
二、遵循原则
①语法一致（Grammatical concord）
主语和谓语在“人称”和“数上”一致。
②意义一致（Notional concord）
谓语动词的单复数形式取决于主语的意义。
③就近一致（Principle of proximity）
谓语动词的单复数形式取决于邻近的主语。
三、命题趋势
高考试题对这一语法项目的考点是：名词作主语时的谓语动词形式；分隔情况下，主语和谓语一致；分数、百分数、不定式、动名词作主语时的主谓一致。
四、考点精析
（一）名词作主语
1.形单意复
①集体名词army，class，committee，crowd，enemy，family，staff，team...作主语时，如强调整体谓语动词用单数，如强调个体谓语动词则用复数形式。
②集合名词cattle，folk，majority，people，police，public，youth．．．作主语时，为谓语动词用复数形式。
③物质名词baggage/luggage，clothing，equipment，scenery．．．作主语时，为谓语动词用单数形式。
2.形复意单
（1）谓语动词用单数形式
①学科名词及书报名、戏剧名等economics，maths，mathematics，physics，politics．．．
②专有名词（国名）
The People’s Republic of China is a great country.
③以“s”结尾的不可数名词goods，news，plastics．．．
（2）成双成对使用的名词chopsticks，clothes，compasses，shorts，stocks，sunglasses，trousers．．．谓语动词一般用复数（如果被a/this/that/pair of修饰时，则用单数）。
3.单复数同形：aircraft，Chinese，crossroad，deer，fish，headquarters，means，species，works．．．作主语时，应根据其意义来决定谓语形式。
（二）并列结构作主语
1．由and，both．．．and...连接并列主语时，其内容是复数时谓语动词一般用复数形式。
注：①当and连接的并列单数主语前若由no，each，every，many a．．．修饰时，谓语动词要用单数；②当and不表示并列意义时，而连接两个意义上表示同一人、同一物或同一概念以及由两个部件构成的一个物品时则用单数：bread and butter，coffee and milk，salt and water，soda and water．．．
2.由or，either....or...，neither．．．nor...，not only．．．.but also...，not．．．but．．．连接的并列主语，谓语动词在人称和数上要与最邻近它的主语保持一致，即“就近原则”。
Neither the students nor the teacher knows anything about it.
3．主语后有主语的修饰语accompanied by，with，along with，together with，like（像），but（除了），except，besides，as much as，rather than（而不是），including， in addition to．．．引导的短语时，谓语动词在人称和数上要与主语保持一致，恰好与就近原则相反，为方便记忆不妨将其称为“就远原则”。如，The teacher as well as students was excited.
（三）数量概念作主语
1．当名词词组的中心词为表示度量、时间、距离、价格、金钱、重量、书刊影视名等复数名词（短语）时，往往将其视为一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式（如果强调数量，谓语动词可用复数）。
Ten dollars is enough for him.
One hundred cents make a dollars.
2．“all，a lot of （lots of ），a number of，a part of，half of，most （of），none of，plenty of，some of，the rest（of），a quantity of，varieties of，分数/百分数……+of+名词”构成的短语作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于of后“名词”的单复数。The first of the food is to be kept in the refrigerator.
3．由form，kind，part，sort，type等构成的短语作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于of前面名词的单复数。
This kind of apples is highly priced.=Apples of this kind are highly priced.
…
（四）不定代词作主语
1．由代词another，either，each（作sbj.时，若表示复数意义时，谓语动词要用复数形式），every one，little，much，no one，neither，the other．．．及合成代词anybody，anyone，anything，everything，nobody，somebody，something．．．作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式（若both作主语，谓语动词用复数形式）。如，Each of the students is given one chance only.
2．few，many，most，none，several，some，such，thesame．．．作主语时谓语动词形式由其所代替的内容决定。如，Most of my classmates work hard.
3..all，none做主语时，代表不可数名词时总是看作单数，因而谓语动词用单数；代表可数名词复数时谓语动词要用复数，None of us are/is perfect.
（五）特殊情况的主语
1．“the+adj./—ed（blind，poor，rich，unemployed，wounded以及最高级…）”结构作主语时，如表示一类可数的人或事物时，谓语动词用复数。
2．There be及其延伸句型中谓语动词使用就近原则。
There is an apple and some oranges on the table.
3．名词性从句，动名词及不定式作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。
Serving the people is my great happiness.
主谓一致范文第2篇
A. is B. are C. am D. be
2. The teacher and writer________ready to give us a talk next week.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
3. As the saying goes,“All work and no play________Jack a dull boy.”
A. make B. makes C. made D. is made
4. Look, every boy and every girl________in the classroom.
A. is studying B. are studying C. study D. studies
5. The number of the students in our school________smaller than yours.
A. is B. are C. were D. have been
6. She as well as I________learned to skate.
A. has B. have C. are D. is
7. His family________watching TV after supper every day.
A. has liked B. liked C. like D. likes
8. The class________well in English since last term.
A. has done B. have done C. do D. does
9. The Chinese people________ready to make friends all over the world.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
10. Neither the manager nor the clerk________anything about it.
A. know B. has been known C. are knowing D. knows
11. My trousers________me well.
A. fit B. fitting C. fits D. are fitted
12. Each of them________best to do the work well.
A. are trying their B. have tried his best
C. is trying his D. has tried their best
13. In China the old________taken good care of in the old days.
A. was B. are C. were not D. were
14. Miss Liu, together with her students,________the hill now.
A. is climbing B. are climbing
C. climbs D. have climbed
15.________five dollars enough to buy the skirt?
A. Has B. Is C. are D. Is there
16. This kind of men________always dangerous.
A. is B. are C. make D. has
17. The Roberts________at the table for supper.
A. are seating B. are sitting C. is seated D. is sitting
18. One or two students________reading in the classroom.
A. is B. are C. does D. have
19. When and where to buy the machine________yet.
A. has not decided B. has not been decided
C. have not decided D. have not been decided
20. Between the two rivers________a bridge.
A. lie B. lies C. are lying D. has laid
21. Could you tell us what the news from Hong Kong________?
A. have B. has C. are D. is
22.________more than one person here.
A. It has B. It is C. There are D. There is
23. On the top of the hill________two big trees.
A. is B. are C. stands D. standing
24. One and a half apples________by the boy yesterday.
A. is eaten B. was eaten C. are eaten D. were eaten
25. To learn a foreign language well________hard but necessary.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
26. Lots of money________on education.
A. were spent B. has been spent C. has spent D. are spent
27. Politics________an important subject for us.
A. are B. is C. has D. have
28. This pair of glasses________ when I went downstairs.
A. is broken B. was broken C. are broken D. breaks
29. Here________a fat man.
A. come B. comes C. is coming D. are coming
30. None of them________a good swimmer.
A. are B. is C. do D. does
主谓一致范文第3篇
关键词：主谓一致；主语；谓语
作者简介：魏罕秀，任教于甘肃省皋兰县二中。
主谓一致，一般来说，谓语必须与主语和人称在数上保持一致。其一致性涉及三方面，既语法上一致，意义上一致，就近一致。具体用法如下：
一、主语是下列情况的，谓语用单数
1.如果主语由“many a， more than one+单数名词”构成，尽管从意义上看是复数，但谓语动词仍用单数形式。如：
Many a child has made that mistake. (许多孩子都犯那种错误。)
There is more than one answer to your question. (你的这个问题不止一个答案。)
注：“more than+数词+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。如：
More than one thousand workers are working in this factory. (有1000多名工人在这家工厂做工。)
2.“……四则运算（即加、减、乘、除）……”表示整体概念，谓语动词多用单数形式。如：
88 and 2 is 100.(88加2等于100。)
Five times four is 20. (5乘以4等于20。)
3.“a +单数名词+ or two”作主语，谓语动词用单数；但“one or two+复数名词”作主语，谓语动词用复数。如：
A day or two is passed. (一两天过去了。)
One or two hours have been spent. (一两天过去了。)
4.由each ，every修饰的名词作主语，或由each…and each…，every…and every…，no…and no…连接名词作主语时，谓语用单数。如：
Each man and each woman has a chance to be raised in our company. (在我们公司，每个男女都有提升的机会。)
No boy and no girl doesn’t go to school at the age of seven in this village because of the Hope Project. (由于希望工程，我们村七岁的男孩女孩都去上学。)
注：each位于复数主语后或句末，则不影响谓语动词的数。如：
The students each have a dictionary. (学生们每人都有一本字典。)
5. every-，any-，some- 等构成的复合不定代词作主语，谓语用单数。如：
There is something wrong with the machine. (这台机器有问题。)
6.all表示物时，谓语动词用单数。如：
All was silent. (万籁俱寂。)
All of the rubbish was cleaned away. (所有的垃圾都被清除了。)
注：当all作主语表示人时，谓语动词用复数。如：
All but one were here just now.(除一人外，都刚刚在这儿。)
7.动名词、动词不定式、名词从句或由and连接的两个疑问代词作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。如：
To hold the Olympic Games is a rich prize for a country. (对于一个国家来说，承办奥运会就是一份丰厚的奖品。)
When and where to build the new factory is not decided yet .
注：当what从句作主语时而表语是复数时，谓语动词也可用复数。如：
What we badly need here are competent teachers.(我们这儿急需的是合格的老师。)
8.在“It +be+被强调部分+that(who)…”结构中，“be”用单数。如：
It is not only blind men who make such stupid mistakes. (不仅仅是盲人犯这样的错误。)
二、主语是复数形式，而谓语用单数形式
1.国名、人名、书名、组织机构等专有名词做主语，即使形式上是复数，谓语动词仍用单数。如：
The United State is a developed country.
2.以-ics 结尾表示学科的名词，如politics，physics，athletics，mathematics等做主语时，谓语用单数。如：
Mathematics is difficult to learn.
注：当以-ics结尾的表示学科的名词前有物主代词修饰，指某人的某方面知识时，谓语用复数。如：
His physics are poor.
3.当表示时间、距离、价格度量衡等的名词作主语时，谓语用单数。如：
Ten years is quite a long time. (十年是漫长的时间。)
Fifteen miles seems like a long walk to me. (步行15分钟对我来说是较长的时间了。)
注：如果是指某一个体，则要根据语法一致的原则，谓语动词用复数形式。如：
Twenty years have passed since we parted. (自从我们分手以后已经20年过去了。)
4. “One +and a half +复数名词” 做主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：
One and a half apples is left on the plate. (盘子里还有一个半苹果。)
5.有些用来表示有两个对应部分组成一体的名词复数，如trousers， glasses， compasses 等做主语，前面若有“一条，一副，一把”之类的单位词，谓语用单数；若没有单位词或单位词是复数，则谓语用复数。如：
There is a pair of glasses on the desk. (桌子上有一副眼镜。)
All the glasses are made of glass， not plastic. (所有的玻璃杯都是由玻璃制成的，而并非塑料。)
6.the number of短语做主语时，谓语动词用单数。如:
As a result， the number of people who travel by plane in China is larger than ever before. 因此，中国乘飞机旅行的人数比以往多了。
注：a number of 短语做主语时，谓语动词一般用复数，如：The number of people invited was fifty， but a number of them were absent fordifferent reasons.（邀请了五十人，但由于种种原因，大多数人没来。）
三、主语是单数形式，而谓语动词用复数形式
1.一些集体名词，如cattle， police， people， militia（民兵）等，在句子中做主语时，谓语用单数。如：
Shortly after the accident， the police were sent to keep order. (事故后不久，警察被派来维持秩序。)
2.有些以-sh， -ese， -ch 结尾的表示国家、民族的形容词与the连用时表示复数含义，谓语动词用复数。如:
The Chinese are kind and friendly. (中国人亲切、友好。)
3.当“the +形容词（过去分词）”指一类人作主语，如the old， the young， the rich， the dead， 谓语用复数。如:
The rich live a happy life， while the poor live a hard life. (富人过着快乐的生活，而穷人过着艰难的生活。)
四、谓语动词的单复数根据主语的具体情况而定
1.一些集体名词，如family， class， team， population， company， public， government， group， club等做主语时，当作为整体时，谓语动词用单数；如果作为一个个体成员来考虑时，谓语动词用复数。如：
My family are coming with me. (我的家人将和我一块儿来。)
His family has just moved to Beijing. (他家刚搬到北京。)
2.一些表示部分概念或不定量的名词或代词作主语，形式上为单数，但谓语动词的单复数应根据of后接名词的单复数而定，这些词有half， most， some等。如：
The most of his time is wasted over it. 他的大部分时间都浪费在这上面了。
Half of the books are novels. 一半书籍是小说。
3.名词前有a lot of， lots of， plenty of， percent of等时，根据具体情况决定谓语动词的单复数。
There are plenty of eggs in the basket. (篮子里有很多蛋。)
Lots of meat has been sold out. (很多肉已销售。)
4.用and 连接的名词作主语指两个人和物时，谓语用复数；指同一个人和物时，谓语用单数。如：
The worker and writer comes from a small town. (这位工人兼作家出身于一个小城镇。)
5.由not only…but also， either…or， neither…nor 或or 连接的并列主语，谓语动词的单数形式或复数形式依最靠近他的名词的单复试形式而定。如：
Either you or I am going to answer his question. (你和我必须有一个要回答他的问题。)
Not only he but also his friends have been to New York. (不仅他而且他的朋友都去过纽约。)
. as well as， besides， like， with， along with， together with， no less than， except， but， rather than等构成的短语不看作主语，谓语动词的数与第一个主语的数保持一致。如：
The man with his daughters and son is watching TV. (这个人和他的儿女在看电视。)
The girls as well as the teacher are dancing. (姑娘们和这位老师在跳舞。)
7. 在there be 句型中，若有一系列并列主语时，根据就近原则，be 应与他相邻的名词的数保持一致。如：
There is a desk and three chairs in the room. (房子里有一张桌子和三把椅子。)
8. 在here 引起的倒装句中，如果主语不止一个时，谓语动词常与最靠近的主语一致。如：
Here are a few envelopes and some paper for you. (给你一些信封和纸。)
主谓一致范文第4篇
【考点一】 考查主、谓语语法上的一致
我们知道,从语法上讲谓语动词的形式应与主语在人称和数上保持一致。
1. 若主语是单数形式,谓语动词也是单数形式;若主语是复数形式,谓语动词也是复数形式。
2. 不定代词each作主语时,谓语动词应为单数形式;而当each作主语为复数的同位语时,谓语动词应为复数形式。
3. 主语后面跟有with, along with, as well as, but, except, besides, including等引起的短语时,谓语动词的形式应与主语在人称和数上保持一致。
4. 用and或both ... and连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词为复数形式。
[典型考例]
1. (2009年青岛市) Both Tom and Kate_______in Qingdao now. They both_______from England.
A. is; come B. are; come
C. is; comes D. are; comes
【答案与解析】 句子的主语是由both ... and连接的Tom和Kate两个人,故第一空的谓语动词应为复数形式。因此,可先排除A、C两项。第二个空白处所在的句子主语是they, both是其同位语,谓语动词仍应为复数形式,据此又可排除D项。故正确答案为B。
2. (2009年广东省) Everyone except Tom and John _______seen the film.
A. is B. has C. are D. have
【答案与解析】 句子的主语是Everyone, 其后的except Tom and John是介词短语,作修饰语,谓语动词的形式应与Everyone保持一致,应为单数形式。再由seen可以判断,谓语动词为现在完成时,因此正确答案为B。
3. (2009年泸州市) My name_______Lucy. May I know your name?
A. am B. is C. are
【答案与解析】 主语My name是第三人称单数,因此谓语动词应为单数形式。故正确答案为B。
【考点二】 考查主、谓语意义上的一致
意义一致,指的是根据句子主语的单复数含义来确定谓语动词的单复数形式,不只是看主语的末尾是否有“-s”或“-es”。
1. family, class, group, team等集合名词作主语时, 如果把它们作为一个整体来看待,则谓语动词应为单数形式;如指整体当中的一个个成员,则谓语动词应为复数形式。
2. “分数或百分数 + of + 名词”构成的短语作主语时,谓语动词的形式应根据of后面名词的数而定。若其后是可数名词复数,则谓语动词应为复数形式;若其后是可数名词单数或不可数名词,则谓语动词应为单数形式。
3. 不定式(短语),动名词(短语)或从句在句中作主语时,谓语动词应为单数形式。
4. 不定代词all, some, any, none等作主语时,应根据这些词的具体含义来确定谓语动词的单复数形式。如果它们含复数意义,则谓语动词应为复数形式;如果它们相当于一个单数名词或不可数名词,则谓语动词应为单数形式。但是由every, some, any, no等构成的复合不定代词作主语时,谓语常为单数形式。
5. 表示时间、金钱、距离的复数名词分别表示一段时间、一笔金钱或一段距离,并在句中作主语时,谓语动词应为单数形式。
6. “the + 姓氏名词的复数形式”意为“……一家”或“……夫妇”,并在句中作主语时,谓语动词应为复数形式。
7. news, maths, physics, the United States等一些以“-s”结尾的名词(短语)作主语时,谓语动词常为单数形式;但trousers, shoes, glasses等复数名词作主语时,谓语动词应为复数形式,但其前有a/this pair of等修饰语时,谓语动词应为单数形式。
8. “the number of + 复数名词”意为“……的数量”,在句中作主语时,谓语动词应为单数形式; “a number of + 复数名词”意为“许多……”,在句中作主语时,谓语动词应为复数形式。
[典型考例]
1. (2009年河南省) The number of students who_______ the English club_______20.
A. take part in; is B. join; are
C. take part in; are D. join; is
【答案与解析】 定语从句说的是“参加”俱乐部,这个“参加”应该用join表示。据此可先排除A、C两项。 “The number of ...”意为“……的数量”,用其作主语时,后面的谓语动词应为单数形式。故正确答案为D。
2. (2009年)_______ of the money _______been spent recycling the rubbish.
A. Three fourths; has B. Three fourths; have
C. Three fourth; has D. Three fourth; have
【答案与解析】 分数四分之三的正确表达形式为“three fourths”, 据此可先排除C、D两项。 money是不可数名词,那么Three fourths of the money在句中作主语时,谓语动词应为单数形式。故正确答案为A。
3. (2009年南京市) ―How much _______ the shoes?
―Five dollarsenough.
A. is; is B. are; is
C. are; are D. is; are
【答案与解析】 问句的主语the shoes是复数形式,因此第一空应填are; 答句的主语Five dollars指的是一笔钱,因此谓语动词应为单数形式,故正确答案为B。
【考点三】 考查主、谓语的就近一致原则
就近一致原则,指的是谓语动词的形式应与最靠近它的那个主语在人称和数上保持一致。
1. 在there be句型或以here开头的句子中有两个或两个以上的主语时, be的形式应和与其最靠近的那个主语在人称和数上保持一致。
2. either ... or ..., neither ... nor, not only ... but also ..., not ... but, or等连接两个或两个以上的并列主语时,谓语动词的形式应和与其最靠近的那个主语在人称和数上保持一致。
[典型考例]
1. (2009年宁波市) There _______some milk, two eggs and a few cakes on the table.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
【答案与解析】 此句属there be句型,据此可先排除C、D两项。根据就近一致原则, be的形式应与some milk的人称和数保持一致,因此空白处应填is, 即正确答案为A。
2. (2009年乐山市) Neither he nor I _______ from Japan, that is to say, neither of usJapanese.
A. am; are B. are; is
C. am; is D. is; is
【答案与解析】 Neither ... nor ... 连接的是主语he和I。 依据就近一致原则,谓语动词的形式应和I保持一致,据此可排除B、D两项。 neither作主语时,谓语动词应为单数形式。故正确答案为C。
3. (2009年石家庄市) Either Mary or he _______going to Paris. Only one person may go there.
主谓一致范文第5篇
一、主谓一致的基本用法
1.并列结构作主语，且当意义为复数时，谓语用复数形式。
注意:当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或物时，谓语动词用单数，and连接的两个名词前只用一个冠词。如：
The writer and teacher Smith has gone through millions of ups and downs since he moved to Sydney.
2.主谓一致中的靠近原则。
（1）当there be句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最近的主语保持一致。如：
There is a bowl，two knives and several forks on the table..
There are thirty boy-students and twenty-five girl-students in the class.
（2）在由not only ...but also ...，not just ... but ...，or，neither ... nor ...，either ... or ...连接主语的句子中，谓语动词的单复数遵循就近一致原则，即按与谓语动词最靠近的那个主语来确定谓语动词的单复数形式。如：
Not only Mary but also I am going to London next week.
3.谓语动词与前面的主语一致。
当主语后面跟有with，together with，like，except，but，as well as 等词引起的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。如：
The teacher together with his students is discussing Writing Skills that was newly published in China.
4.谓语动词与后接名词或代词保持一致。
（1）用half of，part of，most of 等词引起主语时，动词通常与of后面的名词或代词保持一致。如：
Most of her money is spent on dress.
（2）在more than ... of 作主语时，动词应与其后的名词或代词保持一致。如：
More than 60 percent of the students are from the city.
5.谓语用单数。
（1）主语中含有each，every时，谓语动词需用单数。如：
Each boy gets a present.
（2）当主语是一本书或一条格言时，谓语动词常用单数。如：
The Arabian Nights is a book known to lovers of English.
（3）表示金钱、时间、距离、价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语时，通常把这些名词看作一个整体，谓语多用单数。（用复数也可，意思不变）如：
Two weeks is allowed for preparing for the examination.
6.指代意义决定谓语的单复数。
（1）代词what，which，who，none，some，any，most，all等词后面的谓语动词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定。如：
All is right.
All are present.
（2）集体名词作主语时，谓语的单复数要根据主语的意思来决定，如family，audience，crowd，class，company，committee等词后用复数形式时，意为这个集体中的各个成员，用单数时表示整个集体。如：
The committee is made up of 12 people.
Her family are music lovers.
但集合名词people，police，cattle等在任何情况下后面的谓语动词都用复数形式.
Are there any police around？
（3）有些名词，如variety，number，population，majority等构成的表示“一些”的词组作主语时，有时看作单数，有时看作复数。如：
A number of+名词复数+复数动词
The number of +名词复数+单数动词
The number of the students in our school is over 3，000.
二、主谓一致中的“表里不一”现象
1.“more than one +名词”作主语时，从意义上看是复数，但谓语动词常用单数。例如:
More than one high official has been questioned by the police since the mayor was shot dead.
2.“many a +名词”作主语时，从意义上看是复数，但谓语动词常用单数。例如:
Many a student has been sent to plant trees.
