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摘要:本文通过对绩效管理的传统方法与新模式的比较分析指出,由于传统的绩效管理方法过分注重企业的财务指标,而财务指标只能衡量过去发生的事情(滞后的结果因素),但无法评估企业前瞻性的投资(领先的驱动因素),因此随着新知识经济时代的到来,传统的绩效管理方法逐渐显现出其局限性。国际上一流公司的管理实践表明,绩效管理越来越多的被用作“战略实施的工具”。绩效管理的作用在于将企业战略目标转化为可衡量的绩效指标,然后将绩效指标从企业、部门到员工个体层层分解,以支撑和实现企业战略。本文介绍的新的绩效管理模式——平衡计分卡正是从财务、客户、内部管理和学习发展四个角度来审视企业业绩,反映了财务和非财务衡量方法之间、长期目标与短期目标之间以及外部和内部、结果和过程、管理业绩和经营业绩等多个方面的平衡。
关键词:绩效管理传统方法平衡计分卡
Abstract:Thispapercomparesthetraditionaltoolsofperformancemanagementwiththenewones,analyzestheirdifferencesandcomestoaconclusionthatthetraditionaltoolsgivetoomuchemphasisonacorporateentity’sfinancialindexes,whichcanonlymeasurepast-occurredevents(delayedresultfactors),butcannotevaluateitsforward-lookinginvestments(leadingdrivingfactors).Asaresult,withthearrivalofthenewknowledgeeconomy,thelimitationsofthetraditionalvehiclesofmeritmanagementbecomeincreasinglyprominent.Thefrontlineexperiencesofmanymultinationalcompaniesprovidetestimonytothefactthatperformancemanagementisincreasinglybeingappliedas‘atoolforstrategyimplementation’.Itsmeritslieinthatitcansupportandrealizeacompany’sstrategyportfoliobytransformingitsstrategictargetsintosolidperformanceindexesthatcanbemeasuredandassessed,andbreakingthoseindexesdownintodifferentlayersupfromacompanyasawholetodifferentdepartmentsandindividualsforapplication.Anewperformancemanagementmodelintroducedinthisarticle,i.e.balancedscorecardisaperfectexampleincase.Itexaminesacompany’soperationfromtheperspectivesoffinance,clients,internalmanagementaswellaslearninganddevelopment,reflectingastateofequilibriumbetweensuchmultiplefactsasfinancialandnon-financialmeasures,long-termandshort-termtargets,internalandexternalstructure,resultandprocess,managementachievementsandoperationachievements.
Keyword:PerformanceManagement,TraditionalVehicles,BalancedScorecard