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1.当陈述部分的主语是I,而句子又用来征询对方的意见时,附加疑问句中的主语用you。如:
IfindEnglishveryinteresting,don’tyou?
Idon’tlikethatfilm,doyou?
2.当陈述部分的主语是everybody,everyone,someone,nobody,noone,somebody等合成代词时,附加疑问句中的主语通常用they。但亦可用he,尤其是nobody,noone等作主语,具有否定概念时。如:
SomebodyphonedwhileIwasout,didn’tthey?
Everyoneenjoyedtheparty,didn’tthey?
Nobodywantstogothere,doeshe?
3.当陈述部分的主语是不定代词everything,nothing,anything,something时,附加疑问句中的主语一般用it,不用they。如:
Everythingseemsallrightnow,doesn’tit?
Nothingiskeptingoodorder,isit?
Somethingmustbedonetostoppollution,isn’tit?
4.当陈述部分的主语是指示代词this,that或these,those时,附加疑问句中的主语分别用it和they。如:
Thisisimportant,isn’tit?
Thatisn’tcorrect,isit?
TheseareyourfriendsTomandJack,aren’tthey?
5.如果陈述部分是以代词one作主语,附加疑问句中的主语在正式场合用one,非正式场合用you,在美国英语中,在非正式场合还可以用he。如:
Onecan’tbetoocareful,canone?或canyou?
Oneshoulddohisduty,shouldn’the?
6.如果陈述部分用I’m…结构,附加疑问部分一般用aren’tI。如:
Iamstrongandhealthyaren’tI。
7.当陈述句为therebe结构时,附加疑问句中的主语也用there。如:
There’snohelpforit,isthere?
There’ssomethingwrong,isn’tthere?
8.陈述部分带有seldom,hardly,never,rarely,few,little,nowhere,nothing等否定词或半否定词时,附加疑问部分的动词用肯定形式。如:
Bobrarelygotdrunk,didhe?
Fewpeopleknowhim,dothey?
Sheseldomgoestothecinema,doesshe?
如果陈述部分的否定词带有否定前缀,那么,该陈述部分作肯定处理,附加疑问部分一般仍用否定形式。如:
Hewasunsuccessful,wasn’the?
Tomdislikesthebook,doesn’the?
9.当陈述部分为主从复合句时,附加疑问部分一般应与主句的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系。如:
ShesaysthatIdidit,doesn’tshe?
Itoldthemnoteverybodycoulddoit,didn’tI?
但当陈述部分的主语是I,谓语是think,believe,suppose,expect这类动词时,附加疑问部分则往往与从句中的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系,但要注意否定的转移。
Isupposethathe’sseriousisn’the?
Idon’tthinkshecares,doesshe?
10.当陈述部分是并列句,附加疑问句则需和就近的分句的主语和谓语一致。如:
XiaoLinhasbeenwritinglettersallafternoonbutheshouldfinishthemnow,shouldn’the?
11.在由“祈使句+附加疑问”构成的附加疑问句中,附加疑问部分一般用willyou,won’tyou,wouldyou,有时也可用canyou,can’tyou,whydon’tyou,couldyou等。如:
Don’topenthedoor,willyou?
Givemesomecigarettes,canyou?
Takearest,whydon’tyou?
但是,以let’s开头的祈使句,附加疑问部分用shallwe;以letus开头的祈使句,如果含义是allowus,不包括听话人在内,疑问部分用willyou。如:
Let’shaveabasketballmatchthisafternoon,shallwe?
Letusgooutforarest,willyou?
12.当陈述部分带有情态动词must表示“必须”时,疑问部分用mustn’t。如:
Youmustworkhardnextterm,mustn’tyou?
Imustanswertheletter,mustn’tI?
但若表推测这层含义时,不能用must,而要根据陈述部分的不定式结构(即must之后的动词)以及含义采用相应的动词形式。如:
Youmusthavemadeamistake,haven’tyou?
Theymusthaveseenthefilmlastweek,didn’tthey?
Hemustbeinthelibrary,isn’the?
13.当陈述部分含有情态动词usedto时,疑问部分可用usedn’t或didn’t。如:
Theoldmanusedtosmoke,didn’the?或usedn’the?
Tomusedtolivehere,usedn’the?或didn’the?
14当陈述部分带有情态动词oughtto时,疑问部分用oughtn’t或shouldn’t。如:
Heoughttoknowtheanswer,oughtn’the?
Weoughttoreadthisbook,oughtn’twe?或shouldn’twe?
15.当陈述部分含有hadbetter时,疑问部分用had。
如:You’dbetterfinishyourhomeworknow,hadn’tyou?
16.感叹句后的附加疑问句的谓语动词需用be的现在时,且常用否定形式。如:
Whatacleverboy,isn’the?
Whatalovelyday,isn’tit?
17.陈述句子中的主语为动词不定式短语、动名词短语或其他短语时,疑问部分的主语通常用it。如:
Learninghowtorepairmotorstakesalongtime,doesn’tit?
Betweensixandsevenwillsuityou,won’tit?
Wheretoholdthemeetinghasnotbeendecided,hasit?
18.在口语和非正式文体中,为了加强语气,只是表示某种惊奇、怀疑、反感、讽刺等感情而并不是为了寻求回答,这时前后两部分的肯定、否定是一致的。如:
Oh,heisawriter,ishe?
You’llnotgo,won’tyou?
19.陈述句中的谓语动词是wish,表示愿望时用may,且用肯定形式。如:
IwishtohaveachancetolearnEnglish,mayI?
20.当陈述部分带有表示“所有”含义的动词have(has)时,疑问部分既可用have形式,也可用do形式。如:
Youhaveanewbike,haven’tyou(或don’tyou)?
Shedoesn’thaveanymoneyinherpocket,doesshe?
巩固练习:
1.Idon’tthinkthatthenecklaceismadeofdiamond,________?
A.doI
B.doyou
C.isn’tit
D.isit
2.Hiswifehadthecarpetsandthecurtainscleaned,________?
A.hadn’t
B.had
C.didn’tshe
D.didshe
3.It’smyson’sweddingnextweek,andIhavetodomybestforthat,____________?
A.haven’tI
B.don’tI
C.don’the
D.isn’tit
4.Harrywouldn’tbecomeateacherifithadn’tbeenfortheholiday,____________?
A.wouldhe
B.hadit
C.wouldit
D.hadhe
5.Noonelefthereyesterday,________?
A.didn’tthey
B.didthey
C.didn’tone
D.didone
6.Birdsrarelybuildnestsinourgarden,________?
A.don’tthey
B.dothey
C.didn’tthey
D.didthey
7.YoumusthavebeentotheGreatWall,____________?
A.mustn’tyou
B.haven’tyou
C.aren’tyou
D.mustyou
8.learninghowtorepairmotorstakesalongtime,________?
A.doesn’tit
B.don’tthey
C.doesit
D.dothey
9.Theymusthavestayedathomelastnight,________?
A.mustn’tthey
B.haven’tthey
C.didn’tthey
D.mustthey
10.Ifeellikegoingtothecinematonight,________?
A.don’tI
B.don’tyou
C.doI
D.doyou
11.Let’sstartoutearlytomorrowmorning,________?
A.shallwe
B.willyou
C.doyou
D.can’tyou
12.There’snotmuchnewsintoday’snewspaper,________?
A.isn’tit
B.isit
C.isn’tthere
D.isthere
13.Theyneedourhelpbadlyatthemoment,________?
A.needn’tthey
B.needthey
C.don’tthey
D.dothey
14.Sheisunfitfortheposition,________?
A.isshe
B.isn’tshe
C.doesn’tshe
D.doesshe
15.IwishtovisitAmerica,________?
A.don’tI
B.canI
C.mayI
D.mayyou
16.She’sbeenaworkerhereformanyyears,________?
A.isn’tshe
B.isshe
C.hasn’tshe
D.hasshe
17.Whatbeautifulflowers,________?
A.aren’tthey
B.arethey
C.isn’tit
D.isit
18.Motherusedtoliveinapoorvillage,____________?
A.sedshe
B.usedn’tshe
C.didn’the
D.didhe
19.You’dbettergoatonce,________?
A.wouldn’tyou
B.hadyou
C.hadn’tyou
D.shouldyou“公务员之家有”版权所
20.IamveryinterestedinMarkTwain’snovels,________?
A.aren’tI
B.amnotI
C.aren’tyou
D.areyou
Keys:1-5DCBAB6-10BBACD11-15ADABC16-20CABCA